Bangladesh, one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, is facing a severe air pollution crisis. In 2023, it was ranked the most polluted country globally, with an annual average fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration of 79.9 µg/m³—more than double the national standard of 35 µg/m³ and 15 times the World Health Organization’s (WHO) guideline of 5 µg/m³ (IQ Air, 2023).